Contributed on January 13, 2012

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BPM Standards – What is new in BPMN 2.0 and XPDL 2.2 (BBC 2011)

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My presentation at the Building Business Capability (BBC) 2011

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BPM StandardsWhat is new in BPMN 2.0 and XPDL 2.2 Denis Gagné, Trisotech BPMN 2.0 FTF Member BPMN 2.1 RTF Member XPDL 2.2 and 3.0 Co-Editor Table of Content Introduction Standards 101 BPMN XPDL Conclusion Introduction Business Process Conundrum Processes are the central nervous system of organizations and yet they are not always clearly understood, defined, documented, communicated or optimized. Processes as Assets Once articulated Processes become Assets Using Process Diagrams Unambiguous Description Understood by everyone One can increase its value (and making it enduring) by ensuring universality via open standards Global Benefits of BPM StandardsTo increase, stimulate, facilitate: Understanding Adoption Interoperability Migration Cost Reduction Soundness – R Khan, What Standards really Matter for BPM, BPTrends May 2005 Our Focus for this session:Process Modeling Caveat:Model with a Purpose Visualizing Structuring / Enacting / Analyzing AutomatingIf your goal is: Structuring the Monitoring Call for actions, process, Allocating commitment, Interaction & resources, Estimating, Assessing progress, commitment, Improving, Controlling Customized view Optimizing compliance Diagramming Modeling Informative Descriptive Prescriptive Uniform Unique Interpretation Semantic Serving to describe or Imparting knowledge, Giving instructions, Aim to be: Instructing, characterize by Being directive description, Supports Interpreting, (Flexible guidance vs interpretation Enlightening Strict enforcement) Standards 101 Setting the Context Workflow Reference Model Process Definition tool Administration & Monitoring tool Enactment Engine Other Engines Client Worklist Tool Invoked Apps Handler Agents Apps Some Concepts and Terms Meta-model Notation underlying computer- Notational symbols interpretable and graphical representation representation Standard Abstract Reference Concrete Syntax Syntax instance instance Your Work Reference Interchange Model Diagram Format electronic file format that eases • Process diagrams can be considered like pictures of the process model. the safeguard and transfer of • Many diagrams (or pictures) of the same process model are possible, each this data between different showing or hiding various aspects of the process model details. tools What is what Process Definition tool Administration & Monitoring tool Enactment Engine Other Engines Client Worklist Tool Invoked Apps Handler Agents Apps Two Stacks Process Definition Notation tool Interchange FormatEnactment Engine Meta-model Business Process Modeland Notation What is BPMN? What is BPMN? Business Process Model and Notation BPMN is a standard published by the Object Management Group (OMG). Why BPMN matters? Universal graphical notation for drawing business processes Readily understandable by business stakeholders Aim to bridge the gap from modeling to subsequent implementation Current Status BPMN 2.1 Revision Task Force (RTF) Still gathering feedback BPMN as a Notation Simple to learn yet powerful enough to depict the potential complexity of most processes. Bridges the communication gap that exists between Business, Engineering, Manufacturing, etc. and IT. Provides organizations with the capability of defining, understanding and even executing their processes through diagrams. Widely accepted and widely supported. Basic Elements of BPMN Event Activity Gateway Flow Process:Engineering Change Management (ECM) Expectations Unique interpretation Universal File Understanding Interchange Model-once- open- anywhere New in BPMN 2.0 Some new concepts and constructs A graphical notation for modeling interactions (adding choreographies and conversations) Better standard conformance specification along with conformance sub-classes A meta-model and accompanying interchange formats both XMI and XSD based A diagram definition model and accompanying interchange formats both XMI and XSD based An explicit execution semantics A mapping from a BPMN subset to WS-BPEL BPMN Timeline – Releases1994 1998 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 BPMI BPMN 1.0 XML BPMN BPMN BPMN 1.0 BPMN 2.0 1.1 1.2 – Adapted from R. Shapiro, WfMC Expressiveness of Intent A wide collection of constructs are available in BPMN allowing: Diagramming to communicate or Modeling for execution Capturing Internal Processes or Collaborations with Partners i.e. New in Tasks Service Uses some sort of service, which could be a Web service or an automated application. Send Send a message to an external participant. Receive Wait for a message from an external participant. User Where a human performer performs the task with the assistance of a software application. Manual Performed without the aid of any business process execution engine or any application. Business Rule Provides a mechanism to transmit input to a Business Rules Engine and get output generated. Script Task executed by a Business Process Engine (script defined in a language interpreted by the engine). Expressiveness A wide collection of constructs are available in BPMN You can be as precise as required by your context 336 Possible Depiction Permutations just for tasks BPMN Best Practice Use limited vocabulary according to purpose and context Sub classing the language Official Sub Classes: Conformance sub classes of the spec Your Own (Organizational) Sub Classes: Modeling Guidelines Caveats: Within the specified semantics Sample of newBPMN 2.0 constructs Re-UseCall Activity Calling a Global Task Calling a Global Process Non-Interupting Events The notion of non-interrupting is introduced in BPMN 2.0 and is depicted by having the event border being dashed line. Simply put a non-interrupting event allow the normal flow to continue while the event is handled Two types of events can be non-interrupting: The Start events in the context of an event sub-process, and Intermediate boundary events. Start Intermediate End Top Level Event Sub- Event Sub-Process Sequence Flow Sequence Flow Activity Boundary Activity Boundary Process Process Non-interrupting Catching Throwing Interrupting Non-interrupting Interrupting Reacting to Events Event Sub-Process  Specialized Sub-Process used within a Process or a Sub- Process.  Implement answer to a throw Intermediate or End Event.  It is not part of the normal flow of its parent.  It may or may not occur when the parent Process is active.  It may occur many times. Modeling Interactions Collaboration Conversation Choreography Data Modeling Data Object Data Input Data Output Data Store Data Association BPMN 2.0 Post Mortem Complexity has increased – Yes but Ensuring expressiveness is always more complex Ensuring executability is always more complex Manage this complexity According to your purpose By sub classing (using a subset) XML Process Definition Language What is XPDL? What is XPDL? XML Process Definition Language Is a standard Published by the Workflow Management Coalition Why XPDL matters? Meant for interchange from inception Internal model of many existing BPM tools Backward compatibility of BPMN 1.2 Current Status XPDL 2.2 in Final Revision XPDL 3.0 initiated XPDL Timeline – Releases1994 1998 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 WPDL XPDL 1.0 XPDL 2.0 XPDL 2.1 XML BPMI BPMN 1.0 BPMN BPMN BPMN 1.0 BPMN 2.0 1.1 1.2 – Adapted from R. Shapiro, WfMC Scope of XPDL 2.2 The XPDL 2.2 effort is focused on only covering a subset of the Process Modeling Conformance class of the BPMN 2.0 specification. Thus the XPDL 2.2 schema will offer a serialization and interchange transport for BPMN 2.0: Process Diagrams, and Collaboration Diagrams (Without Conversation) (i.e. what was possible in BPMN 1.2) Scope of XPDL 3.0 The XPDL 3.0 effort is focused on covering the complete BPMN 2.0 specification. Thus the XPDL 3.0 schema will offer a serialization and interchange transport for BPMN 2.0: Process Diagrams, Collaboration Diagrams, Conversation Diagrams, Choreography Diagrams And all attributes. Conclusion BPM standards are enablers not silver bullets BPM standards are evolving and adapting to the need of the BPM ecosystem BPM standards can increase, stimulate, facilitate: Understanding Adoption Interoperability Migration Cost Reduction Business Process Incubator www.BusinessProcessIncubator.com