BPMN + BPSim PEX Week 2014
Description
Intro presentation on BPMN and BPSim that I gave at the PEX Week 2014 Workshop
Transcript
Denis Gagné,
www.BusinessProcessIncubator.com
Chair BPSWG at WfMC
Chair BPMN MIWG at OMG
Member of BPMN 2.1 RTF at OMG
Poor Performing Processes
May lead to:
Delays
Back log
Refund Claims
Angry customers
Lost of goodwill (Mission Critical)
Lost of lives (Life Critical)
Gain Insight: Model and thoroughly analyse
business processes in a safe isolated
environment prior to Deploying
www.BPMN.org
www.BPMNQuickGuide.com
www.BPMNWebModeler.com
www.BPMNVisioModeler.com
What is BPMN?
What is BPMN?
Business Process Model and Notation
BPMN is a standard published by the Object Management Group
(OMG).
Why BPMN matters?
Universal graphical notation for drawing business processes
Readily understandable by business stakeholders
Aim to bridge the gap from modeling to subsequent
implementation
Current Status
BPMN 2.0 is the current version
www.BPMN.org
Why BPMN?
Simple to learn yet powerful enough to depict the potential
complexity of most processes
Bridges the communication gap that exists between
Business, Engineering, Manufacturing, etc. and IT
Provides organizations with the capability of defining,
understanding and even executing their processes
through diagrams
Widely accepted and widely supported
BPMN WIIFM?
Clearly capture business process logic using diagrams
Learn a universally recognizable process modeling
notation
Apply best practice by using an industry standard for
your process diagrams
Learn fundamental and advanced features of the
notation
Prepare yourself to participate in BPMN modeling
project
Stay current or update your knowledge of BPMN
Basic Elements of BPMN
Event
Activity
Gateway
The vast majority of BPMN diagrams use a core 10%
of total symbols and artifacts
Source: zur Muehlen, M, Recker, J; www.bpm-research.com
Flow
www.BPMNQuickGuide.com
BPMN Token Demo
Yes
No
www.BPMNWebModeler.com
BPMN Example
Send
Rejection
Letter
Verify
Employment
Close-Out
Rejection
Loan Request
Rejected
Loan officer
Loan
Application
[Initial]
Record
Loan
Application
Receive
Loan
Application
Loan
Application
[Rejected]
Review
Loan Application
Request
Credit
Report
Receive
Credit
Report
Send
Approval
Letter
Close-out
Approval
Loan Request
Approved
Perform
Title
Search
Review
Title
Report
Underwrite
Loan with
Terms
Loan Underwritter
Title Researcher
Loan
Application
[Approved]
1 Hour
Time Limit
Set with
Default Terms
www.BPMNWebModeler.com
www.BPSim.org
What is BPSim?
What is BPSim?
Business Process Simulation
BPSim is a standard published by the Workflow Management
Coalition (WfMC)
Why BPSim matters?
Allows parameterization of a process model (BPMN, XPDL) for
Structural and Capacity Analysis purposes
Allows parameterization from different perspectives (Resource,
Time, Control, Cost, Property, Priority) for process analysis
Current Status
BPSim 1.0 is the current version
www.BPSim.org
BPSim
Complements existing process modeling standards
Why BPSim?
Encourage wider adoption of simulation within BPM
community through a standards led approach
Process simulation is a valuable technique to support process
design, reduce risk of change and improve efficiency in the
organisation
Provide a framework for the specification of simulation
scenario data and results as a firm foundation for
implementation
Open interchange of simulation scenario data between
modeling tool, simulator, results analysis/presentation tool
BPSim WIIFM?
Process Design & Validation
Reducing Risk of Change
Predict Business Process Performance (KPIs,
SLAs)
Decision Support
Resource Allocation and Management
Simulation Expertise Help
Randomness & Likelihood
Yes
No
www.BPMNWebModeler.com
Simulation is often a process of discovery
Examine output results
Unexpected result are not necessarily a problem
Primary reason for your simulation experimentation
Need to find an explanation
Will provide enlightment of actual process behavior vs
assumed process behavior
Unexplainable results are a problem
BPSim Approach
Parameterization of Business Process Model (BPMN or XPDL)
from different perspectives for process analysis, simulation and
optimization purposes
P
“Separations of Concerns”
BPSim Scenario
Collections of Scenarios containing Collections of Element Parameters
Used to provide complementary information to a BPMN or XPDL
business process model in the context of process analysis, simulation
and optimization (ASO)
A collection of Element Parameters augmenting the Business Process
Model
A Scenario can capture:
input parameter specification for ASO (What if); or
results from ASO; or
historical data from past real world execution of the business
process model.
BPSim Element Parameters
Each element parameter of a scenario references a specific element of
a process within the business process model
Each element of the business process model may be parameterized
with zero or multiple element parameters
Perspectives
P
TimeParameters
ControlParameters
ResourceParameters
CostParameters
InstanceParameters
PriorityParameters
Demo
Send
Rejection
Letter
Verify
Employment
Close-Out
Rejection
Loan Request
Rejected
Loan officer
Loan
Application
[Initial]
Record
Loan
Application
Receive
Loan
Application
Loan
Application
[Rejected]
Review
Loan Application
Request
Credit
Report
Receive
Credit
Report
Send
Approval
Letter
Close-out
Approval
Loan Request
Approved
Loan Underwritter
Title Researcher
Loan
Application
[Approved]
Perform
Title
Search
Review
Title
Report
Goal
Underwrite
Loan with
Terms
Explore temporal perspective of the AS-IS
process
1 Hour
Time Limit
BPSim Implementers’ Guide
Set with
Default Terms
Demo
Send
Rejection
Letter
Verify
Employment
Close-Out
Rejection
Loan Request
Rejected
Loan officer
Loan
Application
[Initial]
Record
Loan
Application
Receive
Loan
Application
Loan
Application
[Rejected]
Review
Loan Application
Request
Credit
Report
Receive
Credit
Report
Send
Approval
Letter
Close-out
Approval
Loan Request
Approved
Loan Underwritter
Title Researcher
Experiment
Loan
Application
[Approved]
We will only consider the temporal aspects of the model.
Specifically we will look at finding values for these questions:
What is the mean cycle time (time-in-system)?
What is the mean wait time for each loan as a whole
(and broken down by task)?
Is the process sustainable, in other words does a
backlog of work build up and is all work completed by
end of day?
Perform
Title
Search
Review
Title
Report
Underwrite
Loan with
Terms
1 Hour
Time Limit
Set with
Default Terms
BPSim Implementers’ Guide
Demo
Send
Rejection
Letter
Verify
Employment
Close-Out
Rejection
Loan Request
Rejected
Loan officer
Loan
Application
[Initial]
Record
Loan
Application
Receive
Loan
Application
Loan
Application
[Rejected]
Review
Loan Application
Request
Credit
Report
Receive
Credit
Report
Send
Approval
Letter
Close-out
Approval
Loan Request
Approved
Loan Underwritter
Title Researcher
Loan
Application
[Approved]
As is
Perform
Title
Search
Review
Title
Report
Normally receive about 30 loan applications per days
Of these about 8 are approved
Underwrite
Loan with
Terms
Work 8 hours per business day
1 Hour
Time Limit
The particulars of the resource work calendar is not specified in this example as we are
assuming all resources are available for the period.
BPSim Implementers’ Guide
Set with
Default Terms
Temporal Scenario Example
Triangular Distribution
Mode: 16 minutes as the most likely value
Min: 10
Max: 30
Verify
Employment
Loan officer
Request
Credit
Report
Receive
Credit
Report
Title Researcher
Loan Underwritter
Loan
Application
[Rejected]
1 Minute
Send
Approval
Letter
Triangular Distribution
Mode: 5 minutes
Min: 4
Max: 6
Perform
Title
Search
truncated normal distribution
1 hour, σ 2
1 Minute
Review
Loan Application
truncated normal distribution
20 minutes, σ 1
Close-Out
Rejection
Loan Request
Rejected
27%
truncated normal distribution
5 minutes, σ 0.25
Send
Rejection
Letter
truncated normal distribution
30 minutes, σ 4
Record
Loan
Application
Receive
Loan
Application
truncated normal distribution
30 minutes, σ 4
Loan
Application
[Initial]
Duration: 40 hours
Replications: 3
Time unit: minutes
Close-out
Approval
Loan Request
Approved
truncated normal distribution
Loan
10 Application
minutes, σ 0.25
[Approved]
Review
Title
Report
truncated normal distribution
20 minutes, σ 2
Underwrite
Loan with
Terms
truncated normal distribution
50 minutes, σ 10
1 Hour
Time Limit
Set with
Default Terms
60 minutes
1 Minute
Temporal Scenario Results
Send
Rejection
Letter
Verify
Employment
Close-Out
Rejection
Loan Request
Rejected
Loan officer
Loan
Application
[Initial]
140
Record
Loan
Application
Receive
Loan
Application
132
131
Loan
Application
[Rejected]
Review
Loan Application
Request
Credit
Report
131
Receive
Credit
Report
Send
Approval
Letter
120
Close-out
Approval
Loan Request
Approved
100
80
Receive Loan
Application
60
140
40
120
20
Title Researcher
32
100
0
Loan Underwritter
Loan
Application
[Approved]
Repl1
Repl2
Perform
Title
Search
Repl3
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Review
Title
Report
32
31
80
Loan Request
Approved
60
93
90
92
Repl1
Repl2
Repl3
40
20
0
Underwrite
Loan with
Terms
1 Hour
Time Limit
Set with
Default Terms
Loan Request
Rejected
Optimization
Selection of a best scenario (with regard to some criteria)
from some set of available alternatives
Almost impossible without tool support
Sub optimization caveat
Optimizing the outcome for a subsystem will in general not
optimize the outcome for the system as a whole.
Optimization Conundrum
Quality
Time
Satisfaction
Lean
Cost
Forecasting and Optimization
are Complex
Expertise vs Experimentation
Expert
Verify Process
Structure and logic
Optimization
Learning via
Experimentations
Quantitative
Analysis
Process Modeling
Novice
Novice
Expert
Simulation
Model Granularity
Pick the right level of process model abstraction
e.g. What is an atomic task
For example a certain level of details may suitable to
compare relative throughput of alternative process designs
while not be detailed enough to provide reliable prediction
of actual throughput
Discussions & Questions
www.BPMN.org
www.BPMNQuickGuide.com
www.BPMNWebModeler.com
www.BPMNVisioModeler.com
www.BPSim.org