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BPMN + BPSim PEX Week 2014

Description

Intro presentation on BPMN and BPSim that I gave at the PEX Week 2014 Workshop

Transcript

Denis Gagné,
www.BusinessProcessIncubator.com
Chair BPSWG at WfMC
Chair BPMN MIWG at OMG
Member of BPMN 2.1 RTF at OMG

Poor Performing Processes
May lead to:
Delays
Back log
Refund Claims
Angry customers
Lost of goodwill (Mission Critical)
Lost of lives (Life Critical)

Gain Insight: Model and thoroughly analyse
business processes in a safe isolated
environment prior to Deploying

www.BPMN.org
www.BPMNQuickGuide.com
www.BPMNWebModeler.com
www.BPMNVisioModeler.com

What is BPMN?
What is BPMN?
Business Process Model and Notation
BPMN is a standard published by the Object Management Group
(OMG).
Why BPMN matters?
Universal graphical notation for drawing business processes
Readily understandable by business stakeholders
Aim to bridge the gap from modeling to subsequent
implementation
Current Status
BPMN 2.0 is the current version

www.BPMN.org

Why BPMN?
Simple to learn yet powerful enough to depict the potential
complexity of most processes
Bridges the communication gap that exists between
Business, Engineering, Manufacturing, etc. and IT
Provides organizations with the capability of defining,
understanding and even executing their processes
through diagrams

Widely accepted and widely supported

BPMN WIIFM?
Clearly capture business process logic using diagrams
Learn a universally recognizable process modeling
notation
Apply best practice by using an industry standard for
your process diagrams
Learn fundamental and advanced features of the
notation
Prepare yourself to participate in BPMN modeling
project
Stay current or update your knowledge of BPMN

Basic Elements of BPMN
Event

Activity

Gateway

The vast majority of BPMN diagrams use a core 10%
of total symbols and artifacts
Source: zur Muehlen, M, Recker, J; www.bpm-research.com

Flow

www.BPMNQuickGuide.com

BPMN Token Demo

Yes

No

www.BPMNWebModeler.com

BPMN Example
Send
Rejection
Letter

Verify
Employment

Close-Out
Rejection
Loan Request
Rejected

Loan officer

Loan
Application
[Initial]

Record
Loan
Application
Receive
Loan
Application

Loan
Application
[Rejected]

Review
Loan Application
Request
Credit
Report

Receive
Credit
Report
Send
Approval
Letter

Close-out
Approval
Loan Request
Approved

Perform
Title
Search

Review
Title
Report

Underwrite
Loan with
Terms

Loan Underwritter

Title Researcher

Loan
Application
[Approved]

1 Hour
Time Limit
Set with
Default Terms

www.BPMNWebModeler.com

www.BPSim.org

What is BPSim?
What is BPSim?
Business Process Simulation
BPSim is a standard published by the Workflow Management
Coalition (WfMC)
Why BPSim matters?
Allows parameterization of a process model (BPMN, XPDL) for
Structural and Capacity Analysis purposes
Allows parameterization from different perspectives (Resource,
Time, Control, Cost, Property, Priority) for process analysis
Current Status
BPSim 1.0 is the current version

www.BPSim.org

BPSim
Complements existing process modeling standards

Why BPSim?
Encourage wider adoption of simulation within BPM
community through a standards led approach
Process simulation is a valuable technique to support process
design, reduce risk of change and improve efficiency in the
organisation
Provide a framework for the specification of simulation
scenario data and results as a firm foundation for
implementation

Open interchange of simulation scenario data between
modeling tool, simulator, results analysis/presentation tool

BPSim WIIFM?

Process Design & Validation
Reducing Risk of Change
Predict Business Process Performance (KPIs,
SLAs)
Decision Support
Resource Allocation and Management

Simulation Expertise Help

Randomness & Likelihood

Yes

No

www.BPMNWebModeler.com

Simulation is often a process of discovery
Examine output results
Unexpected result are not necessarily a problem
Primary reason for your simulation experimentation
Need to find an explanation
Will provide enlightment of actual process behavior vs
assumed process behavior

Unexplainable results are a problem

BPSim Approach
Parameterization of Business Process Model (BPMN or XPDL)
from different perspectives for process analysis, simulation and
optimization purposes

P

“Separations of Concerns”

BPSim Scenario
Collections of Scenarios containing Collections of Element Parameters
Used to provide complementary information to a BPMN or XPDL
business process model in the context of process analysis, simulation
and optimization (ASO)
A collection of Element Parameters augmenting the Business Process
Model
A Scenario can capture:
input parameter specification for ASO (What if); or
results from ASO; or
historical data from past real world execution of the business
process model.

BPSim Element Parameters
Each element parameter of a scenario references a specific element of
a process within the business process model
Each element of the business process model may be parameterized
with zero or multiple element parameters

Perspectives

P








TimeParameters
ControlParameters
ResourceParameters
CostParameters
InstanceParameters
PriorityParameters

Demo
Send
Rejection
Letter

Verify
Employment

Close-Out
Rejection
Loan Request
Rejected

Loan officer

Loan
Application
[Initial]

Record
Loan
Application
Receive
Loan
Application

Loan
Application
[Rejected]

Review
Loan Application
Request
Credit
Report

Receive
Credit
Report
Send
Approval
Letter

Close-out
Approval
Loan Request
Approved

Loan Underwritter

Title Researcher

Loan
Application
[Approved]

Perform
Title
Search

Review
Title
Report

Goal

Underwrite
Loan with
Terms

Explore temporal perspective of the AS-IS
process

1 Hour
Time Limit

BPSim Implementers’ Guide

Set with
Default Terms

Demo
Send
Rejection
Letter

Verify
Employment

Close-Out
Rejection
Loan Request
Rejected

Loan officer

Loan
Application
[Initial]

Record
Loan
Application
Receive
Loan
Application

Loan
Application
[Rejected]

Review
Loan Application
Request
Credit
Report

Receive
Credit
Report
Send
Approval
Letter

Close-out
Approval
Loan Request
Approved

Loan Underwritter

Title Researcher

Experiment

Loan
Application
[Approved]

We will only consider the temporal aspects of the model.
Specifically we will look at finding values for these questions:
 What is the mean cycle time (time-in-system)?
 What is the mean wait time for each loan as a whole
(and broken down by task)?
 Is the process sustainable, in other words does a
backlog of work build up and is all work completed by
end of day?
Perform
Title
Search

Review
Title
Report

Underwrite
Loan with
Terms

1 Hour
Time Limit

Set with
Default Terms

BPSim Implementers’ Guide

Demo
Send
Rejection
Letter

Verify
Employment

Close-Out
Rejection
Loan Request
Rejected

Loan officer

Loan
Application
[Initial]

Record
Loan
Application
Receive
Loan
Application

Loan
Application
[Rejected]

Review
Loan Application
Request
Credit
Report

Receive
Credit
Report
Send
Approval
Letter

Close-out
Approval
Loan Request
Approved

Loan Underwritter

Title Researcher

Loan
Application
[Approved]

As is

Perform
Title
Search

Review
Title
Report

 Normally receive about 30 loan applications per days
 Of these about 8 are approved
Underwrite
Loan with
Terms

 Work 8 hours per business day
1 Hour
Time Limit

The particulars of the resource work calendar is not specified in this example as we are
assuming all resources are available for the period.

BPSim Implementers’ Guide

Set with
Default Terms





Temporal Scenario Example





Triangular Distribution
Mode: 16 minutes as the most likely value
Min: 10
Max: 30




Verify
Employment

Loan officer


Request
Credit
Report



Receive
Credit
Report






Title Researcher
Loan Underwritter

Loan
Application
[Rejected]

1 Minute

Send
Approval
Letter

Triangular Distribution
Mode: 5 minutes
Min: 4
Max: 6

Perform
Title
Search

truncated normal distribution
1 hour, σ 2

1 Minute

Review
Loan Application

truncated normal distribution
20 minutes, σ 1




Close-Out
Rejection
Loan Request
Rejected

27%



truncated normal distribution
5 minutes, σ 0.25

Send
Rejection
Letter

truncated normal distribution
30 minutes, σ 4

Record
Loan
Application
Receive
Loan
Application




truncated normal distribution
30 minutes, σ 4




Loan
Application
[Initial]

Duration: 40 hours
Replications: 3
Time unit: minutes

Close-out
Approval
Loan Request
Approved




truncated normal distribution
Loan
10 Application
minutes, σ 0.25
[Approved]

Review
Title
Report




truncated normal distribution
20 minutes, σ 2


Underwrite
Loan with
Terms




truncated normal distribution
50 minutes, σ 10

1 Hour
Time Limit
Set with
Default Terms



60 minutes

1 Minute

Temporal Scenario Results
Send
Rejection
Letter

Verify
Employment

Close-Out
Rejection
Loan Request
Rejected

Loan officer

Loan
Application
[Initial]

140

Record
Loan
Application
Receive
Loan
Application

132

131

Loan
Application
[Rejected]

Review
Loan Application
Request
Credit
Report

131

Receive
Credit
Report
Send
Approval
Letter

120

Close-out
Approval
Loan Request
Approved

100
80
Receive Loan
Application

60

140

40

120

20
Title Researcher

32

100

0

Loan Underwritter

Loan
Application
[Approved]

Repl1

Repl2

Perform
Title
Search

Repl3

70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

Review
Title
Report

32

31

80

Loan Request
Approved

60
93

90

92

Repl1

Repl2

Repl3

40
20
0
Underwrite
Loan with
Terms

1 Hour
Time Limit
Set with
Default Terms

Loan Request
Rejected

Optimization
Selection of a best scenario (with regard to some criteria)
from some set of available alternatives
Almost impossible without tool support

Sub optimization caveat
Optimizing the outcome for a subsystem will in general not
optimize the outcome for the system as a whole.

Optimization Conundrum
Quality

Time

Satisfaction

Lean
Cost

Forecasting and Optimization
are Complex

Expertise vs Experimentation
Expert
Verify Process
Structure and logic

Optimization

Learning via
Experimentations

Quantitative
Analysis

Process Modeling

Novice

Novice

Expert

Simulation

Model Granularity

Pick the right level of process model abstraction
e.g. What is an atomic task

For example a certain level of details may suitable to
compare relative throughput of alternative process designs
while not be detailed enough to provide reliable prediction
of actual throughput

Discussions & Questions

www.BPMN.org
www.BPMNQuickGuide.com
www.BPMNWebModeler.com
www.BPMNVisioModeler.com

www.BPSim.org